Recently, a team of scientists has presented the world’s first metasurface fiber laser system that allows emitting “super-chiral light” that is considered to be a laser beam light with ultra-high angular momentum. Herewith, such a light produced by a fiber laser can be applied as a type of “optical spanner” to or for encoding information in optical communications.
The ability of laser beam light to carry angular momentum allows being transferred to matter. It should be noted that the more angular momentum created by the light leads to the possibility of more transfer. Therefore, the laser beam light acts as an optical spanner. The new fiber laser creates a new high purity “twisted light” not offered from laser technology before, containing the highest angular momentum reported from a laser.
At the same time, the team has designed “a nanostructured metasurface that has the largest phase gradient ever produced and allows for high power operation in a compact design.” Thus, it is a world-first fiber laser system for creating exotic states of twisted structured laser beam light, on-demand.
Scientists have already demonstrated their new fiber laser technology to emit any required chiral state of laser beam light, with full monitoring over both angular momentum elements, the spin (polarization), and orbital angular momentum of light. As for the design of the presented laser system, it becomes real by the complete control provided by novel nanometer-sized metasurface within the fiber laser.
Herewith, the metasurface consists of numerous small rods of nanomaterial, which changes the laser beam light as it passes through. The thing is that the laser beam light passes through the metasurface numerous times, obtaining a new twist every time it does so. The result of such a fiber laser system means the production of new types of chiral laser beam light not offered by lasers until now, and full monitoring of light’s chirality at the source, overcoming current challenges.
To be more precise, the developed laser system applies a metasurface to fill laser beam light with ultra-high angular momentum, resulting in an unprecedented change in its phase while also monitoring the polarisation. Herewith, “by arbitrary angular momentum control, the standard spin-orbit symmetry could be broke, for the first fiber laser to create full angular momentum control of laser beam light at the source.”
The team has developed the metasurface for the laser system made from carefully crafted nanostructures to cause the required effect, it is also considered to be the most extreme OAM structure so far produced, with the highest phase gradient yet reported. Finally, they got a fiber laser system that allows influencing OAM states of 10 and 100 simultaneously for the highest reported AM from a laser to date. Additionally, the fiber laser creates all prior OAM states reported from custom structured laser beam light lasers.
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